Cultural values are embedded in social work education and practice. Currently, social work practices in countries around the world stem predominantly from Western values, causing many to question their relevance to other cultures. This article explores universal aspects of social work, critical components of international social work, and Western-influenced components of social work. The authors explore the concepts of culturally relevant social work and, using the case example of Botswana, conclude that there is great need for culturally relevant social work practices and applicable educational materials and models in Africa.