Evidence-based programs and practices (EBPPs) pertinent to the prevention and treatment of child abuse and neglect remain underutilized in community settings. The purpose of implementation science is to generate a robust body of knowledge regarding the factors that influence professional and organizational behavior, and the types of strategies that can be used to effectively implement and sustain those EBPPs in community settings. In this chapter, we review the extant research and offer innovative examples that demonstrate how implementation science and practice can contribute to the promotion of child well-being. We begin by discussing emerging research that can inform the early and later stages of implementation. We then discuss a number of contextual factors that can influence implementation processes. Finally, we present eight areas that will be critical to advancing the science and practice of implementation, and ultimately, the well-being of children and families.